Магнит өрісі. Тогы бар өткізгіштің өзара әрекеттесуі. Ампер тәжірибелері Магнит индукция векторы. Физика, 10 сынып, қосымша материал 1.

Experiment 1. Oersted’s Experiment

In 1820, Hans Christian Oersted, a Danish professor, discovered a magnetic effect of an electric current by chance. During a class demonstration, he noticed that when a current was flowing through a wire, it caused the needle of a compass nearby to be deflected – indicating the presence of magnetic field.

Let’s try out Oersted’s experiment.

1 Set-up your materials as shown in the diagram.

2 Place the compass under the wire. Observe what happens to the compass. Which direction did it move?

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3 Now, place the compass on top of the wire. Observe what happens to the compass. Which direction did it move?

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4 Write your conclusion below.

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Experiment 2. Making a Solenoid

1 Try to turn your wire so you’ll make a solenoid (shown below) and set-up the circuit as shown.

2 Place the compass inside the solenoid. What happens to the compass?

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3 Locate the South and North Pole of your solenoid. Draw the solenoid indicating its poles.

Experiment 3. Creating an electromagnet

Whenever current flows through a conductor, a magnetic field is produced. Let us try to make an electromagnet.

• Set up an electromagnet using a long iron nail, a length of insulated copper wire, batteries or power supply, connecting wire and crocodile clips.
• Test how the number of turns of copper wire around the iron nail affects the number of paper clips the electromagnet can attract.
• Place a compass near one end of the electromagnet. What poles does the compass needle point to? What happens if you reverse the terminals of the power supply?

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Experiment 4. The motor effect – force due to magnetic fields

1 Set-up the circuit as shown in the diagram.

2 Observe what happens to the wire when current flows through on it.

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3 Reverse the polarity of the wire and observe what happens.

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